Special Issues at Low Frequencies:
Ionosphere
Properties of gravity waves:
Auroral origin:
 T ~1h, lhoriz ~1000 km, Vf > 400 m/sec southward, usually at
night.
Meteorological origin:
T = 15-60 mn, lhoriz = 150-250 km, Vf ~100 m/sec, usually
southward
Mostly during the day, quickly damped over ~1000 km.
Origin (local) is strongly site dependant
TEC gradient 2. 1011 m-3 typically
Electronic density changes (1-10%) occur in F2 layer(  ~250
km)